Jobs to be Done (JTBD)

product

Quick Definition

A framework for understanding why customers "hire" a product — focusing on the underlying job they want done, not features. Coined by Clayton Christensen.

Detailed Explanation

JTBD reframes product thinking around customer outcomes. The classic example: people do not buy a 1/4-inch drill, they buy a 1/4-inch hole. JTBD interviews ask: "What were you trying to accomplish? What did you switch from? Why now?"

Real-World Examples

Intercom

Uses JTBD interviews to drive product roadmap decisions

Snickers

Pivoted positioning to "satisfies hunger" — a clear job to be done

Why It Matters for Your Startup

JTBD prevents you from building features no one hires you for. It makes positioning, copy and pricing snap into focus.

Common Mistakes

  • Confusing features with jobs
  • Asking customers what they want
  • Treating personas as static
  • Skipping the "switch" question

Frequently Asked Questions

JTBD vs personas?

Personas describe who. JTBD describes what they are trying to accomplish. JTBD survives demographic changes; personas often break.

How do I run a JTBD interview?

Focus on the most recent purchase: what triggered it, what they switched from, what they hired the product to do.

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